Guidelines for the Formatting of the Final Draft of Articles for the Comparative History of Nordic Literary Cultures

1) Language: If at all possible, articles should be submitted in English. 

o	If you are not a native speaker of English or a secure and experienced writer of that language, please, try to review your contribution with a native speaker in order to be sure that it communicates subtleties and nuances you have in mind. 
o	The editorial process will of course be attentive to idiom, consistent style, and correct usage, but a source text as accurate as possible is most likely to ensure exactly what you mean. 
o	If you do not write English confidently, please consult with the editors on procedures for preparing a translation.

2) Formatting: It will be of particular help to the editors if you use as few variations in word processing code as possible.  

o	There should be no bold-face type, underlining (use italics to indicate titles and for emphasis), spacing between letters for emphasis, or block capitalization. 
o	Do not use headers (for example the author’s name or the title), but be sure that pages are numbered throughout. 
o	Use only left—not full—justification. 
o	The first paragraph of each new section should not be indented; new paragraphs should be indicated with the tabbed indent and no extra space. 
o	The body text as well as quotations, notes, and bibliographies should be double spaced. 
o	After punctuation marks, most notably periods, insert only a single space rather than two spaces, as was the older convention with the use of typewriters. 
o	When using a dash to set off parenthetical statements or for other general purposes in the body text, be sure to use an em-dash (— ) rather than hyphens ( - -); however when indicating a numerical range (of, for example, pages or years) use an en-dash (e.g. 213–15; 1912–2008). Do not use spaces either before or after em- or en-dashes. 
o	Do not use brackets around ellipsis points; use three points if indicating the absence of a few words within one sentence but four if the omission extends over two or more sentences.
o	Periods, commas, question marks and exclamation points should be inside of the italic code, but colons and semicolons should be placed outside. 
o	When non-standard characters need to be used—e-e digraphs, the hook o with the hook on the top, or other characters from manuscripts, diplomatic editions, or quotations in one or another of the Sámi languages—please contact the editors in advance for discussion of the best way these can be represented.

3) Fonts

o	The body text, section titles, and quotations should be in twelve-point Times Roman. 
o	The title of the essay should be in fourteen-point Times Roman and centered. 
o	The author’s name and academic affiliation should be in twelve-point Times Roman and centered. 
o	Although it is anticipated that in the final printed volumes notes will appear as footnotes, they should be submitted as endnotes in twelve-point Times Roman, double spaced, and as a separate file. 
o	Similarly the works cited should be in twelve-point Times Roman, doubled spaced, and in a separate file. 

4) Punctuation

o	Quotation marks should be used according to the typical American English standard: e.g. “quotation”
o	Quotations within quotations should be indicated by single quotation marks: “primary quotation ‘secondary quotation.’” 
o	Periods, commas, question marks, and exclamation points are placed inside the final quotation marks; colons and semicolons, however, are placed outside. 
o	If the material being quoted begins with a capital letter, the capital should be preserved in the citation. If, however, it is a fragment that does not begin with a capital and is an integral part of the syntax of the sentence in which it is cited, an initial lower case is appropriate. 
o	The sources of the quotation should be given after the final quotation mark, should be enclosed in parentheses, and followed by the period ending the sentence. 
o	Quotations longer than five lines should be set off as block quotations using the indent function rather than changing the margin and should be, like the body text, twelve-point Times Roman. The sources of the block quotation, also enclosed in parentheses, should follow the final period. 
o	All quotations should be provided in the original language and the original script (e.g. Greek, Cyrillic, or runic) and of these only runic should be transliterated using the standard conventions. 
o	If the quotation is in a language other than English, a translation into English enclosed in square bracket should immediately follow the identification of source of the quotation.
o	Secondary quotations should be used only if original sources are absolutely unavailable and never simply as a matter of convenience.

5) Editions

o	It is of utmost importance that standard, scholarly editions be used for both primary and secondary sources. Anthologized or popular edition should only be used when the topic is dealing specifically with the reception or popular appeal of specific works. 
o	Critical works should in general be cited in their original language rather than in translation.
o	If unsure of which editions to use, please contact one of the editors for advice and suggestions. 

6)  Submission

o	Articles may be submitted in either PC or Mac format and should be sent as *.rtf files. 
o	Articles may be sent as e-mail attachments as well as on diskettes or CDs.  If an article is submitted on a diskette or CD, a printed copy should accompany this submission. 

7)  Citation System

o	All references to works cited should be given parenthetically in the body text rather than in footnotes. 
o	The reference should generally provide the last name of the author or editor in the case of edited collections and the page in that author’s work on which the quotation occurs. 
o	In the case of Icelandic and Faroese names, the first name and patronymic should be given.
o	Full bibliographic information should only be given in the list of works cited. 
o	If more than one work by a given author is used and thus listed in the works cited, a shortened version of the title identifying the specific volume in question should be given. For example: (Andersson 163) would immediately follow a quotation from Theodore M. Andersson’s The Icelandic Family Saga: An Analytic Reading if only that volume by that author is being quoted and thus listed in the works cited. If, however, his The Growth of the Medieval Icelandic Sagas (1180–1280) is also cited elsewhere in the essay, the first reference would necessarily read: (Andersson Icelandic Family Saga 163). 
o	If readers are referred to additional text beyond those specifically quoted either the text body or a footnote, only the author’s last name (except in the case of Icelandic and Faroese) and the title should be given. Full bibliographic data should be provided in the list of works cited for not only those volumes that are quoted, but also of those mentioned. 
o	If works are edited collaborative projects, they should be listed under the name of the editor(s).

8)  Works Cited: The list or works cited should provide full bibliographic information for each work mentioned or cited in the essay. Works should be given in alphabetic order of the author or editor’s last name with the exception of Icelandic and Faroese authors who are listed under their first name which is followed by the patronymic. Please double check all bibliographic details.

o	In the case of books, information should be given in the following order with individual items separated by periods:

	Author(s)
	Full title of the book including subtitle listed immediately after a colon
	Editor (if any) or translator (if any)
	Edition (if quoting from anything other than the first)
	Number of volumes in the case of a multi-volume work
	Title of individual volume if applicable
Series title and number in the series given with no comma separating the number from the title name 
Publication facts: City: Publisher, Year. When citing publications of university presses                                           the word university and press should be abbreviated:  e.g. UP Southern Denmark for the University Press of Southern Denmark
	Page number(s) or volume (Arabic numbering) and page number(s)

Example:  Andersson, Theodore M. The Growth of the Medieval Icelandic Sagas (1180–1280). Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2006.

o	If citing an essay in a collaborative volume, the name of the author of the essay would appear first, followed by the title of the essay in quotation marks and the rest of the information given above, starting with the full title of the volume.

Example:  Brynjulf, Alver. “Folklore and National Identity.” Nordic Folklore: Recent Studies. Eds. Reimund Kvideland and Henning K. Sehmsdorf. Folklore Studies in Translation. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1989: 12–22.

o	Sagas and similar works should be listed under their title rather than the editor, unless citing introductory material or notes written by the editor.

Examples:

Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar. Ed. Sigurður Nordal. Íslenzk Fornrit 2. Reykjavík: Hið Íslenzka Fornritafélag, 1933. 

Kormáks saga in Vatnsdœla saga, Hallfreðar saga, Kormáks saga. Ed. Einar Ól. Sveinsson. Íslenzk Fornrit 8. Reykjavík: Hið Íslenzka Fornritafélag, 1939.

But: 

Sigurður Nordal. Formáli.  Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar. Ed. Sigurður Nordal. Íslenzk Fornrit 2. Reykjavík: Hið Íslenzka Fornritafélag, 1933. 

o	In the case of citations from periodicals, the following information should be given in the list of works cited:

Author
Title of Article in quotation marks
Title of Periodical italicized
Information on Issue
	Volume
	Issue Number
	Date
Page Numbers

Example:  Sayers, William. “Ethics or Pragmatics; Fate or Chance; Heathen, Christian, or Godless World? (Hrafnkels saga).”Scandinavian Studies 79.4 (2007): 385–404.